A research framework for digital nomadism: a bibliometric study. (Special Issue: Leisure, knowledge work and the digital nomadism.)

Digital nomads live a new way of life that creates an ideal balance of work and leisure. Research on the phenomenon of digital nomads is still in its early stages and is not fully framed as a proper research category. Therefore, the present research aims to explore research on digital nomadism by study leading countries, authors and themes that can become a foundation for future research. This study is exploratory and interpretive - using bibliometrics, we systematically searched all articles indexed in the Web of Science database. The study presents the evolution of scholarly production, and identifies key authors and countries that have the potential to become pioneers in digital nomad research. We identified 17 core concepts of digital nomad research as well as concepts that have not yet received much attention from scientists. Additionally, our study provides a framework for research on digital nomadism and presents topics for future research: we determine how the 17 core concepts identified in this study affect the lives of digital nomads, research into legislation that directly affects digital nomads, study how COVID-19 has changed working styles, and offer a bibliometric analysis of data on digital nomads from other databases.

The economic implications of the COVID-19 outbreak on tourism industry: empirical evidence from Turkey

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous fear and uncertainty and affected health, economy, and social life in an unprecedented form worldwide. Yet, the level of knowledge on its economic implications is very limited. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to explain the health, social, and economic impacts of COVID-19. Because the tourism is one of the most affected industries by the pandemic, this study aims to explain the effects of COVID-19 cases and deaths, global fear, and government responses on Turkey's tourism industry. Empirical findings show that the tourism industry reacts negatively to new cases, number of deaths, and global fear measures. Also, government containment and health measures and economic supports positively affect the tourism industry. Furthermore, government stringency policies drive down the tourism industry's performance. The findings of this study provide significant implications for tourism and travel firms, policy makers, and future research.

Commencing colorectal cancer screening at age 45 years in U.S. racial groups.

Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is cost-effective for reducing its mortality among the average-risk population. In the US, CRC incidence and mortality differ among racial/ethnic groups, with non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and American Indian/Alaska Natives showing highest incidence and mortality and earlier presentation. Since 2005, some professional societies have recommended CRC screening for NHB to commence at 45 years or earlier; this was not implemented due to lack of recommendation from key groups that influence insurance payment coverage. In 2017 the highly influential U.S. Multi-Society Task Force for Colorectal Cancer recommended screening to commence at 45 years for NHB; this recommendation was supplanted by data showing an increase in early-onset CRCs in non-Hispanic Whites approaching the under-50-year rates observed for NHB. Subsequently the American Cancer Society and the USPSTF recommended that the entire average-risk population move to commence CRC screening at 45 years. Implementing screening in 45-49-year-olds has its challenges as younger groups compared with older groups participate less in preventive care. The US had made extensive progress pre-COVID-19 in closing the disparity gap for CRC screening in NHB above age 50 years; implementing screening at younger ages will take ingenuity, foresight, and creative strategy to reach a broader-aged population while preventing widening the screening disparity gap. Approaches such as navigation for non-invasive and minimally invasive CRC screening tests, removal of financial barriers such as co-pays, and complete follow up to abnormal non-invasive screening tests will need to become the norm for broad implementation and success across all racial/ethnic groups.

Effect of age and gender on alopecia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Research has shown that alopecia including androgen alopecia (AGA), alopecia areata (AA), and telogen effluvium (TE) presents in the majority of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This study aims to explore the association between age, gender alopecia type, and alopecia level in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and find which factor has a significant effect on alopecia during COVID-19. In this study, we collected the gender, age, type of alopecia, and alopecia level of patients from four existing studies. A linear regression model and Chi-square test were applied to explore the effect of age and gender on alopecia levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. There were 281 patients counted in our study. We examined the data and found a significant correlation between age and androgen alopecia levels in male patients, and we found an association between gender and androgen alopecia prevalence. Our findings might help prevalent other patients with alopecia. © 2023 SPIE.

Assessing research on the COVID-19 pandemic and tourism published in English-language journals: 7research progress and academic contributions

This article aims to address the adequacies of the preceding review studies, which have largely failed to systematically analyze the academic contributions (notably, theoretical and methodological contributions) made by the extant studies pertinent to COVID-19 and tourism. Specifically, we have collected up to 245 articles indexed in top 10 academic journals in the field of tourism studies, including Annals of Tourism Research, Tourism Management, Journal of Travel Research, Journal of Sustainable Tourism and so forth. The keywords used for search involve "COVID-19" "COVID" "pandemic" "epidemic" "coronavirus" and "corona virus". The publication dates of the articles all fall somewhere between the start of the pandemic in January, 2020 and the 31st of August, 2021. Based upon the analysis framework proposed by authors, according to John Tribe's essay, and that formulated by Colquitt and Zapata-Phelan, this article evaluates the extent to which the sampled studies have made a contribution to the extant theories and methodology related to tourism.As the research outcomes manifest, first, the extant studies could be categorized according to their research themes. Specifically, most research shed light on tourist behaviours and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism development, particularly on the national and destinational levels. In contrast, very few has reflected upon the changes in tourism as a discipline, in general, and the relevant research approaches, in specific. Second, roughly half of the sample articles are quantitative studies, most of which are in favour of either questionnaires or statistics. In contrast, qualitative studies only take a lesser share. Third, with respect to academic contribution, it is clear that significant theoretical contribution is rarely made in the sampled studies. Most are found oriented to solving real-world problems. This imbalance would, perhaps, pose a threat to the growing tourism research in the long run. The reasons are manifold, but we focus upon triple key human and nonhuman factors, namely, academics, academic journals, and the rule and regulations by institutions (e.g., universities), which might have conspired to manipulate the process of (co-)producing tourism knowledge. Thus, to solve practical questions in the real time has become popular among academics, who might be increasingly reluctant to spend sufficient time and energy on theory building itself. Nevertheless, theory building, after all, is vitally significant, not least because it arguably paves a base stone for the future of tourism research. As such, we suggest that the current tourism knowledge production system needs to be reformed, encouraging more academics in future to focus on the theoretical significance of their own studies. This article has some limitations, as we only target the articles indexed in the top 10 journals in tourism. It means that our research findings might be less representative than expected. Moreover, it might be better to evaluate respectively the significance of the studies in different tourism subjects, whose fabrics might vary from one to another. In so doing, more nuanced insights might be mobilized in this aspect, providing most useful guidance to other scholars with utmost interest in the production of tourism knowledge.

Differences in infant negative affectivity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This longitudinal study compared infant temperament rated at 3 months postpartum by 263 United-States-based women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic and 72 who gave birth prior to the pandemic. All women completed questionnaires assessing perinatal mental health, social contact, and infant temperament. Mothers whose infants were born during the pandemic reported higher levels of infant negative affectivity as compared with mothers whose infants were born earlier (F(1, 324) = 18.28, p < .001), but did not differ in their ratings of surgency or effortful control. Maternal prenatal depressive symptoms, prenatal stress, and postpartum stress mediated differences in infant negative affectivity  between pandemic and pre-pandemic groups. Within the pandemic group, decreased postpartum social contact was associated with higher ratings of infant negative affectivity. These findings suggest that the pandemic has affected maternal perceptions of infant temperament, perinatal mental health, and social contact.

Este estudio longitudinal comparó el temperamento del infante evaluado a los tres meses después del parto por 263 mujeres con base en Estados Unidos, las cuales dieron a luz durante la pandemia del COVID-19 y 72 que dieron a luz antes de la pandemia. Todas las mujeres completaron cuestionarios para evaluar la salud mental perinatal, el contacto social y el temperamento del infante. Las madres cuyos infantes nacieron durante la pandemia reportaron más altos niveles de afectividad negativa del infante tal como se les comparó con madres cuyos infantes nacieron antes (F(1,324) = 18.28, p<.001), pero no difirieron en sus puntajes de rapidez y astucia o control esforzado. Los síntomas depresivos maternos mediaron la asociación entre la condición de pandemia y la afectividad negativa del infante. Dentro del grupo de pandemia, la baja en el contacto social posterior al parto fue asociada con más altos puntajes en la afectividad negativa del infante. Estos resultados proponen que la pandemia ha afectado las percepciones mentales de la salud mental y el contacto social del temperamento perinatal del infante.

Cette étude longitudinale a comparé le tempérament du nourrisson évalué à trois mois postpartum par 263 femmes basées aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique ayant donné naissance durant la pandémie du COVD-19 et 72 femmes ayant donné naissance avant la pandémie. Toutes les femmes ont rempli des questionnaires évaluant la santé mentale périnatale, le contact social et le tempérament du nourrisson. Les mères dont les nourrissons étaient nés durant la pandémie ont fait état de niveaux plus élevés d'affectivité négative du bébé comparées aux mères dont les bébés étaient nés avant (F(1 324) = 18,28, p <,001), mais n'ont pas divergé dans leurs évaluations du dynamisme ou du contrôle efficace. Les symptômes dépressifs maternels ont médiatisé le lien entre le statue pandémique et l'affectivité négative du nourrisson. Au sein du groupe pandémique le contact social postpartum décru était lié à des évaluations plus élevées de l'affectivité négative du nourrisson. Ces résultats suggèrent que la pandémie a affecté les perceptions maternelles du tempérament du bébé, la santé mentale périnatale et le contact social.

New onset of hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia with the potential for progression to aplastic anemia after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.

Vaccination with a coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is an effective public health measure for reducing the risk of infection and severe complications from COVID-19. However, serious hematological complications after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported. Here, we report a case of new-onset hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (HMT) with the potential for progression to aplastic anemia (AA) that developed in a 46-year-old man 4 days after the fourth mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Platelet count rapidly decreased after vaccination and white blood cell count declined subsequently. Bone marrow examination immediately after disease onset showed severely hypocellular marrow (cellularity of almost 0%) in the absence of fibrosis, findings that were consistent with AA. Since the severity of pancytopenia did not meet the diagnostic criteria for AA, the patient was diagnosed with HMT that could progress to AA. Treatment with eltrombopag and cyclosporine was started immediately after diagnosis and cytopenia improved. Although it is difficult to determine whether the post-vaccination cytopenia was vaccine induced or accidental because the association was chronological, vaccination with an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine may be associated with development of HMT/AA. Therefore, physicians should be aware of this rare, but serious adverse event and promptly provide appropriate treatment.

Special Issue: Making it count: applying science to support universal broadband. (Special Issue: Making it count: applying science to support universal broadband.)

This special issue presents six papers resulting from a two-conference series about closing the digital divide, especially for rural areas. The issue explores how to apply the best information and processes to guide effective investments of limited resources to expand broadband access in the USA. The papers specifically deal with: the need for better data to inform broadband policy decisions and targeted funding;the contribution of integrating research and extension in improving community participation in broadband projects;policy approaches for rural broadband provision;the influence of COVID-19 on telecommuting;and federal funding challenges for rural broadband.

'Against everything that got you into the job': experiences of potentially morally injurious events among Canadian public safety personnel.

Background: Moral injury (MI) has become a research and organizational priority as frontline personnel have, both during and in the years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, raised concerns about repeated expectations to make choices that transgress their deeply held morals, values, and beliefs. As awareness of MI grows, so, too, does attention on its presence and impacts in related occupations such as those in public safety, given that codes of conduct, morally and ethically complex decisions, and high-stakes situations are inherent features of such occupations.Objective: This paper shares the results of a study of the presence of potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) in the lived experiences of 38 public safety personnel (PSP) in Ontario, Canada.Method: Through qualitative interviews, this study explored the types of events PSP identify as PMIEs, how PSP make sense of these events, and the psychological, professional, and interpersonal impacts of these events. Thematic analysis supported the interpretation of PSP descriptions of events and experiences.Results: PMIEs do arise in the context of PSP work, namely during the performance of role-specific responsibilities, within the organizational climate, and because of inadequacies in the broader healthcare system. PMIEs are as such because they violate core beliefs commonly held by PSP and compromise their ability to act in accordance with the principles that motivate them in their work. PSP associate PMIEs, in combination with traumatic experiences and routine stress, with adverse psychological, professional and personal outcomes.Conclusion: The findings provide additional empirical evidence to the growing literature on MI in PSP, offering insight into the contextual dimensions that contribute to the sources and effects of PMIEs in diverse frontline populations as well as support for the continued application and exploration of MI in the PSP context.

The objective of this study was to understand the types of events that Canadian public safety personnel (PSP) experience as potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) as well as the impacts that they associate with these events.The findings illuminate that contextual dimensions are significant in the origin of PMIEs, which PSP experience in the completion of routine duties, because of the organizational culture, or as a result of issues in the broader healthcare system, which led to many negative consequences in their personal and professional lives.PMIEs reduced the trust PSP had in their leadership and the healthcare system to protect the public and themselves, were associated with feelings of anger, frustration, resignation, and helplessness, and connected to internal struggles marked by inner conflict and the erosion of self-concept.

A comprehensive analysis of the mutational landscape of the newly emerging Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant and comparison of mutations with VOCs and VOIs.

The Omicron variant is spreading rapidly throughout several countries. Thus, we comprehensively analyzed Omicron's mutational landscape and compared mutations with VOC/VOI. We analyzed SNVs throughout the genome, and AA variants (NSP and SP) in VOC/VOI, including Omicron. We generated heat maps to illustrate the AA variants with high mutation prevalence (> 75% frequency) of Omicron, which demonstrated eight mutations with > 90% prevalence in ORF1a and 29 mutations with > 75% prevalence in S-glycoprotein. A scatter plot for Omicron and VOC/VOI's cluster evaluation was computed. We performed a risk analysis of the antibody-binding risk among four mutations (L452, F490, P681, D614) and observed three mutations (L452R, F490S, D614G) destabilized antibody interactions. Our comparative study evaluated the properties of 28 emerging mutations of the S-glycoprotein of Omicron, and the ΔΔG values. Our results showed K417N with minimum and Q954H with maximum ΔΔG value. Furthermore, six important RBD mutations (G339D, S371L, N440K, G446S, T478K, Q498R) were chosen for comprehensive analysis for stabilizing/destabilizing properties and molecular flexibility. The G339D, S371L, N440K, and T478K were noted as stable mutations with 0.019 kcal/mol, 0.127 kcal/mol, 0.064 kcal/mol, and 1.009 kcal/mol. While, G446S and Q498R mutations showed destabilizing results. Simultaneously, among six RBD mutations, G339D, G446S, and Q498R mutations increased the molecular flexibility of S-glycoprotein. This study depicts the comparative mutational pattern of Omicron and other VOC/VOI, which will help researchers to design and deploy novel vaccines and therapeutic antibodies to fight against VOC/VOI, including Omicron.

Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation. (Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation.)

The 20 papers in this special issue contribute to the COVID-19 related research by: (1) documenting the shock in the field of outdoor recreation and tourism, (2) understanding the immediate consequences on behaviour and the required managerial consequences;and (3) analyzing the possible follow up effects including long term effects, discussing resilient solutions and proposing new strategies.

A master conceptual framework of research in Halal tourism

Halal tourism witnessed significant growth during the second half of the decade ended on December 2020 with the COVID-19 pandemic. This expansion can be witnessed equally in academic research and the Halal tourism industry. Keeping in view the phenomenal growth this research reviews the very high-quality research literature on Halal tourism to consolidate its findings and recommendations. It performs a thematic analysis of 74 articles published between the period 2009 to 2020 i.e., up to before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, listed in the A* and A ranked journals of the Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC). It consolidates research methodologies, themes, dependent/independent and mediating/moderating variables, which ultimately lead to a master conceptual framework of research. It highlights that the research on Halal tourism is in its developing stages, with more themes emerging in recent years. It suggests that every country must reflect the blend of its own culture duly enveloped in the Shariah parameters. Finally, this review of the literature highlights a nexus between Social values, tourism services, and Islamic stipulations, as a way forward for research and developments in the Halal tourism research and industry.

Post COVID-19 AA amyloidosis of the kidneys with rapidly progressive renal failure.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken the world by a storm, posing a gruelling challenge to the medical fraternity globally. Besides its very high infectivityinfectivity, significant organ dysfunction occurs in critically ill COVID-19 patients, leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary involvement is the leading cause of death in these patients to be followed by the cardiovascular involvement. Kidney involvement due to COVID-19 is becoming more discernible with AKI adversely affecting the outcome. Besides AKI, a few cases of collapsing FSGS in genetically vulnerable patients and thrombotic microangiopathies have been reported as well. We report a case of AA amyloidosis of the kidney with a rapidly progressive renal failure and congestive heart failure with preserved left ventricular functions, which complicated a moderate COVID-19 pneumonia providing some clues to a possible association of this novel virus disease with this complication, which needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Sleep and day-to-day PTSD symptom variability: an ecological momentary assessment and actigraphy monitored study in trauma-exposed young adults.

BACKGROUND: Disrupted sleep and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are bi-directionally linked and have been found to mutually reinforce each other on a day-to-day basis. However, most of the previous research has focused on subjective measures of sleep only. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the temporal relationship between sleep and PTSD symptoms using both subjective (sleep diary) and objective measures of sleep (actigraphy). METHODS: Forty-one non-treatment seeking, trauma exposed young adults (age M = 24.68, SD = 8.15) with a range of PTSD symptom severities (PTSS, 0-53 on PCL-5) were recruited. Participants completed two surveys per day over four weeks to measure day-time PTSD symptoms (i.e. PTSS and number of intrusions) and night-time sleep subjectively, while wearing an actigraphy watch to measure sleep objectively. RESULTS: Linear mixed models revealed that subjectively reported sleep disruptions were associated with elevated next-day PTSS and increasing number of intrusive memories both within and between participants. Similar results were found for daytime PTSD symptoms on night-time sleep. However, these associations were not found using objective sleep data. Exploratory moderator analyses including sex (male vs. female) found that these associations differed in strength between sexes but were generally in the same direction. DISCUSSION: These results were in line with our hypothesis with regards to the sleep diary (subjective sleep), but not actigraphy (objective sleep). Several factors which have implications on both PTSD and sleep, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and/ or sleep-state misperception, may be potential reasons behind those discrepancies. However, this study had limited power and needs to be replicated in larger samples. Nonetheless, these results add to the current literature about the bi-directional relationship between sleep and PTSD and have clinical implications for treatment strategies.

Elevated day-time PTSD symptom severity (PTSS) and more frequent intrusive memories were generally associated with subjectively reported disruptions in sleep and vice versa, but not with objective measures of sleep.While longer subjective sleep duration predicted reductions in PTSS and shorter sleep onset latency predicted reduced numbers of intrusions the next day, reduced daytime PTSS was only associated with reductions in distress associated with nightmares during the following night.Exploratory analyses showed that sex (men vs. women) moderated the bi-directional relationships between night-time sleep and day-time PTSD symptoms with longer sleep onset latency and lower sleep efficiency being related to worse PTSD symptoms the next day in women, but was not associated with men.

The retrospective study of the metabolic patterns of BCG-vaccination in type-2 diabetic individuals in COVID-19 infection.

Background: The cross-protective nature of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 virus was previously suggested, however its effect in COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the underlying metabolic pathways has not been addressed. This study aims to investigate the difference in the metabolomic patterns of type 2 diabetic patients with BCG vaccination showing different severity levels of COVID-19 infection. Methods: Sixty-seven COVID-19 patients were categorized into diabetic and non-diabetic individuals who had been previously vaccinated or not with BCG vaccination. Targeted metabolomics were performed from serum samples from all patients using tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis included multivariate and univariate models. Results: Data suggested that while BCG vaccination may provide protection for individuals who do not have diabetes, it appears to be linked to more severe COVID-19 symptoms in T2D patients (p = 0.02). Comparing the metabolic signature of BCG vaccinated T2D individuals to non-vaccinated counterparts revealed that amino acid (sarcosine), cholesterol esters (CE 20:0, 20:1, 22:2), carboxylic acid (Aconitic acid) were enriched in BCG vaccinated T2D patients, whereas spermidine, glycosylceramides (Hex3Cer(d18:1_22:0), Hex2Cer(d18:1/22:0), HexCer(d18:1/26:1), Hex2Cer(d18:1/24:0), HexCer(d18:1/22:0) were higher in BCG vaccinated non- T2D patients. Furthermore, data indicated a decrease in sarcosine synthesis from glycine and choline and increase in spermidine synthesis in the BCG vaccinated cohort in T2D and non-T2D groups, respectively. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests increased severity of COVID-19 in BCG vaccinated T2D patients, which was marked by decreased sarcosine synthesis, perhaps via lower sarcosine-mediated removal of viral antigens.

Renal Amyloid-Associated (AA) Amyloidosis in a Sickle Cell Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Renal amyloid-associated (AA) amyloidosis is a rare occurrence in sickle cell disease (SCD). Very little literature is available on renal AA amyloidosis in sickle cell disease. Nephrotic range proteinuria is associated with higher mortality among patients with SCD. We present a case of a young reproductive-age African American woman who presented with massive nephrotic range proteinuria. Other more common causes of AA amyloidosis such as immunologic and infectious etiologies were ruled out by history, physical examination, radiologic investigation, and serology. Renal biopsy showed mesangial expansion with Congo red-positive material. Staining for immunoglobulins was negative. Electron microscopy showed nonbranching fibrils. These findings were consistent with AA amyloidosis. This case report adds to the rare findings of renal AA amyloidosis in sickle cell disease. The patient refused any intervention to decrease her Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the hopes of potentially reversing the disabling proteinuria. We report sickle cell disease presenting with nephrotic syndrome secondary to AA amyloid.

The future of food tourism in a post-COVID-19 world: insights from New Zealand. (Special Issue: The re-imagination of New Zealand tourism.)

Purpose: This paper considers two sectors critical to New Zealand's economy and identity - food and tourism - and addresses the question: what role will - or could - food and drink play in a more resilient tourism future for the country? Design/methodology/approach: This is largely a conceptual paper, informed by the academic literature, media commentary and recent market research. Findings: The paper concludes that there are trends apparent in the food and tourism sectors prior to the COVID-19 pandemic that have intensified during lockdown and which are likely to influence the resetting of tourism on a more resilient and regenerative pathway. Three potential trends in food and drink tourism are identified, labelled "Getting back to basics", "Valuing local and locals" and "Food for well-being". Originality/value: By synthesising recent research and academic, industry and media commentaries, this paper provides a timely assessment of a potential future role of food and drink tourism in a reimagined tourism sector for New Zealand, with this assessment offering a starting point for further discussions about a more regenerative, equitable and inclusive tourism future.

Measuring effective teaching components of school-based agricultural education teaching aspirants during the COVID-19 pandemic

Defining, identifying, and evaluating teaching effectiveness is a difficult proposition;however, measuring the effectiveness of school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers is even more difficult considering the diversity of programs nationwide. Faculty in the agricultural education teacher preparation program at Oklahoma State University sought to measure the effective characteristics developed during the Spring 2020 semester, using the effective teaching model as a frame for this study in conjunction with the Effective Teaching Instrument for SBAE Teachers (ETI-SBAE). This approach allowed the research team an opportunity to further investigate the preparedness of SBAE teacher aspirants during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive research design was implemented with SBAE teacher aspirants at Oklahoma State University with a junior- or senior-level classification (N = 72). The SBAE pre-service teachers at Oklahoma State University identified a high sense of effectiveness based on the ETI-SBAE instrument. In this group of pre-service teachers, all participants scored an overall teaching effectiveness score of strong to very strong, with the overwhelming majority (79.2%) planning to enter the teaching profession. Additionally, there was a relationship between intention to teach and teaching effectiveness scores, with those who intend to teach reporting higher teaching effectiveness scores. The ETI-SBAE holds utility for SBAE teacher preparation programs.

A systematic review of initial COVID-19 research in tourism and hospitality

The COVID-19 outbreak posed severe challenges to tourism and hospitality. The volume of COVID19-pertinent research has remarkably grown. This study conducted a systematic review of initial COVID-19 research in tourism and hospitality using a mixed-method approach to enable researchers to understand the state-of-the-art knowledge. Content analysis and bibliometric analysis were conducted. At the initial research stage, research themes of more than 70% of related articles focused on the theme of responses to COVID-19. Additional findings were provided in the study. This study provides an overview of the research in its initial stage to gain academics' attention to the COVID19 research in tourism and hospitality. In the future, a periodical review of this realm is necessary to reflect the changes in research focus.

Research trends and themes in the top-tier tourism, leisure and hospitality journals: a bibliometric and network analysis before and during the COVID-19 era

This research aims to provide perspicuous insights and solid overviews on research trends and themes within the context of tourism, leisure, and hospitality before and during the COVID-19 era. In doing so, a blend of bibliometric (evaluative and relational) measures was employed to systematically analyze and visually map a total of 22787 publications in the top fifteen academic journals based on Scopus CiteScore under the category of 'Tourism, Leisure, and Hospitality Management' from 2000 to May 2021. The results of evaluative methods indicate that there is a substantial growth in the number of publications in the selected journals over the given period, especially during the COVID-19 era. Several reputed institutions and nations significantly contributed to the targeted journals. Moreover, key tourism research themes and clusters were specified and an integrated overview on international research collaboration is confirmed. Theoretical and practical contributions are provided. Limitations and future research directions are outlined.